Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), abbreviated as "unmanned aerial vehicle", is a type of unmanned aerial vehicle that can be controlled, powered, carry multiple mission equipment, and can perform diverse tasks and reuse.
With the continuous improvement of the popularity of drones, the number of drone holders in the civilian field has increased unprecedentedly. However, the vast majority of drone users have not received professional training, and various types of drone "black flying" incidents have emerged at home and abroad, posing a huge threat to social security and counter-terrorism. In December 2018, London's hub Gawick Airport was invaded by drones, causing the entire airport to be paralyzed for more than 18 hours. The entire runway was closed, affecting 760 flights and 120000 passengers. In April 2020, a company in Changsha took three unmanned aerial vehicles to enter the Air base clearance protection zone during the shooting of a promotional film, which seriously affected flight safety.
How to counter drone "black flying"? What are the methods for controlling drones technically?
1. Unmanned aerial vehicles counter traditional methods
Common countermeasures for drones include direct capture, direct destruction, and signal blocking.
First class, directly capturing classes
Capturing drones through ground based capture nets, or directly capturing drones through training methods such as falcons.
Disadvantages: Unrealistic for high-altitude and large unmanned aerial vehicles, which can easily cause secondary ground damage.
The second type, direct destruction type
Mainly using drone countermeasures such as guns, laser devices, microwave devices, and various conventional firepower methods to directly destroy drones and achieve the goal of countering drones.
Disadvantages: High cost, excessive killing, and easy to cause secondary ground damage.
The third type, signal blocking type
By transmitting directional high-power RF signals to the drone, the communication system between the drone and the controller is cut off, forcing the drone to land or return on its own.
Disadvantage: The landing point is uncontrollable and can easily cause secondary ground damage.
When a drone is countered and falls, it is easy to hit people or objects on the ground, and in severe cases, it can also endanger public safety. Can we directly obtain "control" for the capture of a "black flying" drone to land at a designated location?
Today, the editor will introduce a drone navigation deception technology and teach you how to fight drones online.
2. Drone Navigation Deception Technology
By blocking drone control communication, sending false navigation information to control drones and luring them to designated points for capture, this technology can effectively avoid drone crashes and secondary injuries.
▲ Principles of Drone Navigation Deception Technology
To achieve successful "deception" and construct false trajectories, multiple technologies are indispensable. For example:
Precision synchronization technology for satellite navigation real satellite signals
▲ Satellite Navigation Deception Signal Generation Control Technology
▲ Satellite navigation trajectory interference control strategy technology
The first step is to start with the precise synchronization technology of satellite navigation real satellite signals. It can receive satellite signals in a designated area in real time, and then obtain satellite ephemeris, clock deviation, ionosphere and other information in that area through decoding and calculation. Then, through simulation, the time of signal generation is synchronized with the real signal time, preparing for the construction of a virtual space and also weaving a "deception network".
The second step is to "cast a net". By using satellite navigation deception signal generation control technology, it is possible to receive real-time drone position and dynamic information provided by external sources, as well as the position offset required for deception. The spline fitting method is used for real-time data fitting, simulating and calculating controllable false trajectory data, and generating real-time navigation deception signals to construct a "virtual" space similar to real satellites.
The final step is to 'trap'. After the drone enters the "virtual" space, real-time control strategy technology through satellite navigation trajectory can flexibly dispose of the drone. Combined with radar detection trajectory data, precise trapping of the drone can be achieved, achieving the goal of countering the drone, and thus conducting a "network".
3. Drone Navigation Deception Test Process
(1) Basic steps of the experiment
The first step is to synchronize the time and ephemeris of the sky in real-time with the drone's countermeasures, completing local time synchronization.
The second step is to control the software to receive real-time external target trajectory information, and automatically generate deception strategies based on the target position and guidance area settings.
The third step is to generate real-time drone deception signals based on the issued deception trajectory parameters.
Fourth, the antenna Servomechanism adjusts the antenna direction to track the UAV in real time according to the issued control parameters, and maintains the alignment state at all times.
Step 5: Adjust the signal strength through power control to ensure the effectiveness of different interference distances.
(2) Test complete equipment
▲ Drone countermeasures: deception signal simulator, satellite signal receiving antenna
▲ Integrated control platform and software system: integrated control software, reinforced laptop
▲ Power amplifier: L-band power amplifier
▲ Line and Servomechanism: directional transmission antenna, omnidirectional transmission antenna
▲ Portable transportation protective structure: high-strength trolley case, outdoor waterproof backpack
(3) Deployment of test site
▲ Antenna and Servomechanism align and track UAV in real time
4. Effect of Drone Navigation Deception Test
(1) Drone hover deception
▲ Hovering pattern:
When the drone is in hover, it will correct its flight towards the hover point based on the difference between its current position and the hover point.
▲ Deception hover position:
The direction of the connection between the false position and the decoy point is the actual flight direction of the drone. Continuously correcting this false position can make the drone fly towards the decoy point.
▲ Demonstration of Drone Hovering Deception Process
(2) Drone return deception
▲ Return pattern:
The drone always flies towards the return point from its current position when in a return state.
▲ Determine the return point:
Determine the return point at the intersection point along the flight direction of the drone in multiple false positions.
▲ Deception flight direction:
The direction of the connection between the false position and the return point is the actual flight direction of the drone, and continuous correction of this direction can make the drone fly towards the decoy point.
▲ Demonstration of Drone Return Deception Process
Hunan Satellite Navigation System is a high-tech enterprise specializing in satellite navigation simulation and navigation deception technology research, product development, sales, and solution provision. The navigation decoy equipment developed has passed the inspection and certification of many standards, and is suitable for government agencies, aviation airports, prison Detention center, petrochemical plants, regional anti-terrorism, etc., where space confidentiality and UAV control are required.
